Consumer Behaviour in Online Shopping free essay sample

In recent years, with technological advancement and invention of internet, online shopping has become popular among consumers. As the online shopping has developed into a new medium of transaction, the numbers of cyber shoppers are increasing significantly (Hasslinger, Hodzic amp; Opazo 2007). The rapid increase is illustrated by the growth in the use of internet with a change in consumer behaviour (Oppenheim amp; Ward cited in Hasslinger, Hodzic amp; Opazo 2007). According to Tombs and Seamons (2013), the definition of consumer behaviour is â€Å"the buying behaviour of final consumers which consists of individuals and households that buy goods and services for personal consumption†. The model of buyer behaviour contains 3 parts: the environment, buyer’s black box, and buyer’s responses. And there are 4 aspects of factors influencing consumer behaviour: cultural (culture, cultural group, social class); social (reference group, family, roles and status); personal (age and life cycle stage, occupation, economic situation, lifestyle, personality and self-concept); psychological (motivation, perception, learning, beliefs and attitudes). In terms of online shopping, three main factors have been found to influence consumers purchasing behaviour. Firstly, based on personal influence, it is convenient for consumers. Generally, online shopping is available and accessible for customers all day long without having to worry about opening hours. Some companies have online customer services available 24 hours. Therefore, even after business hours, customers can seek assistance if they encounter any problems or have questions about the products. As such, customers often find shop from the website that is offering convenience can reduce their psychological costs (Prasad amp; Aryasri 2009). Secondly, based on social influence, Tombs and Seamon (2013) stated that reference groups can influence a persons attitudes or behaviour. Consumers tend to purchase goods online when there is a reference group, such as reviews from other customers. Besides the information that may be retrieved online, consumers can also benefit from products’ reviews by other customers which may provide further insight and help in the decision making. Thirdly, based on psychological attribute, the beliefs and attitudes of consumers, such as brand image and trust, play an important role in influencing consumers to purchase goods online . According to Hahn and Kim (2008), consumers tend to purchase goods online from brands they trust. The following paragraph will describe these influences by using the example of Amazon. , Amazon is an American multinational electronic commerce company. It is the worlds largest online retailer with separate retail websites for 10 countries providing international shipping. As mentioned earlier, one of the factors influencing consumers to purchase online is personal influence. The lifestyles of people in recent days give consumers more opportunities to access to e-commerce, which provided a premise for success of Amazon. Moreover, according to Tombs and Seamon (2013), a person has several needs in any particular time. When these needs are strong enough, they will become motivations. Compared with bricks-and-mortar stores, Amazon offers a convenient and flexible shopping process to consumers without limitations of time and where they are. That means Amazon can meet this motivation in time, but bricks-and-mortar stores cannot. Additionally, Wasserman (2009) notes consumers like to read what other consumers statement about the products they intend to buy. When people are shopping on Amazon, they can easily find customer reviews which shows other peoples views about products. Therefore, Amazon provides a reference group for its customer. Besides, Amazon also offers customers who bought this item also bought to consumers. Sometimes people just read a great book and want to read something similar, or they have to make dinner and dont have anything in mind (Wasserman 2009). By understanding this phenomenon, Amazon shows their affinity and drives new motivations for consumers. In another aspect, Amazon also uses their marketing programs to build beliefs and attitudes in customers mind. West (2005) notes Amazon has built a world-class distribution process to support its high-velocity on-line retail business. By this way, Amazon has created a great brand image to people and make them believe Amazon can offer them goods reliably and timely. To conclude, consumer behaviour aims to explore the series reflections of potential and actual buyers before, during and after purchasing actions. With the prevalence of Internet, e- commerce and the increasing requirements of consumers, online shopping has become a new medium of transaction. This article has described factors which affect consumer behaviour and illustrated it with the example of Amazon. The first factor is convenience. Amazon enables consumers to shopping online anywhere and anytime with cheaper goods where the Internet is available. Also, they can enjoy online consumer service if they have problems out of working hours. Secondly, reference groups. Potential buyers are offered to review other consumers statement about the products they intend to buy, which gives them more accurate information about the products. In addition, the idea of customers who bought this item also bought expands buyers alternatives to some extent. The last one would be beliefs and attitudes. Amazon does better in setting up good reputation and improving brand recognition among consumers. Overall, convenience, review and beliefs and attitudes are the main impacts on consumers choices. References Hahn, KH amp; Kim, J 2009, ‘The effect of of? ine brand trust and perceived internet con? dence on online shopping intention in the integrated multi-channel context’, International Journal of Retail amp; Distribution Management, vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 126-141. Hassling, A, Hodzic, S amp; Opazo, C 2007,   Ã¢â‚¬ËœConsumer Behaviour in Online Shopping’, Thesis, Kristianstad University, Sweden. Prasad, C amp; Aryasri, A 2009, ‘Determinants of shopper behaviour in e-tailing: An empirical analysis’, Paradigm, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 73-83. Tombs, A amp; Seamons, O 2013, Foundations of Marketing, 2nd edn, Pearson Australia, Frenchs Forest. Wasserman, T 2009, ‘Why Cant Shopping Be Like Online Shopping? ’, Brandweek, vol. 50, no. 27, pp. 26-26. West, M 2005, ‘Amazon. Com Pursues Customer Satisfaction’, Chain Store Age, pp. 1-44A. Consumer Behaviour in Online Shopping In recent years, with technological advancement and invention of internet, online shopping has become popular among consumers. As the online shopping has developed into a new medium of transaction, the numbers of cyber shoppers are increasing significantly (Hasslinger, Hodzic amp; Opazo 2007). The rapid increase is illustrated by the growth in the use of internet with a change in consumer behaviour (Oppenheim amp; Ward cited in Hasslinger, Hodzic amp; Opazo 2007). According to Tombs and Seamons (2013), the definition of consumer behaviour is â€Å"the buying behaviour of final consumers which consists of individuals and households that buy goods and services for personal consumption†. The model of buyer behaviour contains 3 parts: the environment, buyer’s black box, and buyer’s responses. And there are 4 aspects of factors influencing consumer behaviour: cultural (culture, cultural group, social class); social (reference group, family, roles and status); personal (age and life cycle stage, occupation, economic situation, lifestyle, personality and self-concept); psychological (motivation, perception, learning, beliefs and attitudes). In terms of online shopping, three main factors have been found to influence consumers purchasing behaviour. Firstly, based on personal influence, it is convenient for consumers. Generally, online shopping is available and accessible for customers all day long without having to worry about opening hours. Some companies have online customer services available 24 hours. Therefore, even after business hours, customers can seek assistance if they encounter any problems or have questions about the products. As such, customers often find shop from the website that is offering convenience can reduce their psychological costs (Prasad amp; Aryasri 2009). Secondly, based on social influence, Tombs and Seamon (2013) stated that reference groups can influence a persons attitudes or behaviour. Consumers tend to purchase goods online when there is a reference group, such as reviews from other customers. Besides the information that may be retrieved online, consumers can also benefit from products’ reviews by other customers which may provide further insight and help in the decision making. Thirdly, based on psychological attribute, the beliefs and attitudes of consumers, such as brand image and trust, play an important role in influencing consumers to purchase goods online . According to Hahn and Kim (2008), consumers tend to purchase goods online from brands they trust. The following paragraph will describe these influences by using the example of Amazon. , Amazon is an American multinational electronic commerce company. It is the worlds largest online retailer with separate retail websites for 10 countries providing international shipping. As mentioned earlier, one of the factors influencing consumers to purchase online is personal influence. The lifestyles of people in recent days give consumers more opportunities to access to e-commerce, which provided a premise for success of Amazon. Moreover, according to Tombs and Seamon (2013), a person has several needs in any particular time. When these needs are strong enough, they will become motivations. Compared with bricks-and-mortar stores, Amazon offers a convenient and flexible shopping process to consumers without limitations of time and where they are. That means Amazon can meet this motivation in time, but bricks-and-mortar stores cannot. Additionally, Wasserman (2009) notes consumers like to read what other consumers statement about the products they intend to buy. When people are shopping on Amazon, they can easily find customer reviews which shows other peoples views about products. Therefore, Amazon provides a reference group for its customer. Besides, Amazon also offers customers who bought this item also bought to consumers. Sometimes people just read a great book and want to read something similar, or they have to make dinner and dont have anything in mind (Wasserman 2009). By understanding this phenomenon, Amazon shows their affinity and drives new motivations for consumers. In another aspect, Amazon also uses their marketing programs to build beliefs and attitudes in customers mind. West (2005) notes Amazon has built a world-class distribution process to support its high-velocity on-line retail business. By this way, Amazon has created a great brand image to people and make them believe Amazon can offer them goods reliably and timely. To conclude, consumer behaviour aims to explore the series reflections of potential and actual buyers before, during and after purchasing actions. With the prevalence of Internet, e- commerce and the increasing requirements f consumers, online shopping has become a new medium of transaction. This article has described factors which affect consumer behaviour and illustrated it with the example of Amazon. The first factor is convenience. Amazon enables consumers to shopping online anywhere and anytime with cheaper goods where the Internet is available. Also, they can enjoy online consumer service if they have problems out of working hours. Secondly, reference groups. Potential buyers are offered to review other consumers statement about the products they intend to buy, which gives them more accurate information about the products. In addition, the idea of customers who bought this item also bought expands buyers alternatives to some extent. The last one would be beliefs and attitudes. Amazon does better in setting up good reputation and improving brand recognition among consumers. Overall, convenience, review and beliefs and attitudes are the main impacts on consumers choices.

Utopia Or Dystopia Essays - Nineteen Eighty-Four,

Utopia Or Dystopia Samir Patel Ms. Priego English 4 CP May 11, 1998 Utopia or Dystopia All through life humanity tries to obtain a world in which one can live with enjoyment, equality, fairness, and happiness. Many great writers have created utopian worlds that the reader can consider and explore. To create a perfect place compels the writer to write novels that deal with utopia. People see them selves in a place where it is fun and enjoyable. Writers see today's world not as the good place(Hermon, Holman). The world today has many wars, diseases, and world wide hunger. It takes many steps to produce a utopian world and is why creating a Utopia is no easy task. Other type of world that is opposite of Utopia is dystopia. Dystopia is a place where in literary meaning would be a, bad place(Snodgrass). Novels such as Brave New World, Fahrenheit 451, and 1984 are dystopian novels. In Aldous Huxley's Brave New World, takes the Individuality and has made happiness and enjoyment of life in to an artificial feeling with the constant presence of soma. Hope of achieving utopia humankind in this world obtains dystopia by mass cloning that destroys humanity. In Ray Bradbury's Fahrenheit 451, the controllers of this world try to achieve utopia but in turn reach dystopia were knowledge is gone. In George Orwells 1984, achieve dystopia by the inner party who strive for domination by controlling love and the individual mind. In Once and Future King, T.H. White creates a utopian world where the idea of equality, peace, fairness, and happiness appears as a result of King Arthur's influence. Novel shows how one individual tries his whole life striving to achieve utopia. The novel shows that the life time of one person is not enough to obtain this utopia as King Arthur has to past his ideas for the future generations. In Edward Bellamy's Looking Backward, constructs the perfect utopia where the individual, love, and knowledge are practice unlike the other worlds. Looking Backward, and Once and Future King, did what the other novels did not; it strives for utopia and reaches it. Novels that reach utopia keeps and works the ideas of individualism, love, and knowledge into the society; whereas the dystopian novels eliminate such ideas believing it will lead to utopia. George Orwell presents a world to the reader where there is no chance for a utopia whereas the citizens see this world as a utopia due to telescreens, propaganda's and brainwashing that leads to a society of no desires or thoughts. Citizens are not allowed to have personal thoughts or feelings due to the telescreens that destroys the individual mind. Telescreens is a designs that is a two way interacting television set that the Party uses to keep people from thinking. The telescreens are monitored by a force called the Thought Police. Thought police plugged in on any individual wire...-in the assumption that every sound you made was over heard(Orwell 7). We see how this is forced greatly on the people when Winston has to hide himself from telescreens just to write down some of his thoughts. Huge posters with big eyes reminds the people that Big Brother is watching them. This is the constant brainwashing the citizen go trough as they are attached at a young age to love Big Brother and once hooked the party controls them for the rest of there lives. All the brainwashing of constant propaganda's and telescreen turns the people in the society into drones with only one desire, to love Big Brother. In 1984 the society obtains true power and maintains dystopia by controlling the power of love both filial and romantic. Children are brainwash at a young age not to love, but spy against their parents thus destroying the filial love. The children are raise to grow up and love only Big Brother. Party has made the affection of making love to another as a sinful act. The aim of the Party was not merely to prevent men and women from forming loyalties which it might not be able to control. Its real, undeclared purpose was to remove all pleasure from the sexual act.....The party was trying to kill the sex instinct by distorting it and dirtying it(Orwell 57). Understanding that sex was apart of love it was made to believe to be a sin, but seen right by Party to have sex to gain new members. The

Creative Ideas for Extracurricular Activities

Creative Ideas for Extracurricular Activities Rubiks Cube may not seem to have much to do with college admissions, but anything an applicant is passionate about can be transformed into a winning piece of a college application. This article explores how Rubiks Cube and other quirky interests can become meaningful extracurricular activities. Avoiding Burn-Out in High School A high school student wrote in the college admissions forum that he was worried about his burn-out and his lack of extracurricular activities. He also mentioned his passion for Rubiks Cube. This combination of passion and burn-out gets to the heart of a good college application strategy. Far too many students join clubs, compete in sports, and play instruments because they feel these activities are essential for getting into college, not because they actually have any passion for these extracurriculars. When you spend a lot of time doing something you dont love, you will burn out. What Can Count as an Extracurricular Activity? College applicants should think broadly about what can be defined as an extracurricular activity (see What Counts as an Extracurricular Activity?). Not everyone can be or wants to be class president, drum major, or the lead in the school play. And the truth is, unusual extracurricular activities are going to make your application stand out more than membership in Chess Club and Debate Team (mind you, Chess Club and Debate Team are both fine extracurriculars). So, getting back to the Rubiks Cube can ones love of the Cube be classified as an extracurricular? If handled correctly, yes. No college will be impressed by the applicant who spends four hours a day sitting alone in a room playing with a puzzle, but consider something like this example: if youre really into cubing and decided to make a cube club at your school, finding others who were interested and creating the club, it could look good on an application because it shows that youre taking charge and starting something that will be beneficial for others. Heres a Rubiks Cube lover who turned that passion into a school club. The applicant demonstrates leadership and organization skills by taking the initiative to transform his passion into something more than a solitary hobby. And note that leadership is key when it comes to the best extracurricular activities. An impressive extracurricular isnt defined by the activity itself, but by what the student accomplishes with the activity. The student could take this club one step further to accomplish the dual goals of getting into college and helping others how about using the club to fundraise for a charity? Create a Rubiks Cube competition; collect donations; get sponsors use the club to raise money and awareness for a worthy cause. The main point here isnt just about Rubiks Cube, but about extracurriculars. The best college applicants remain true to their interests and passions. Think broadly and creatively about extracurriculars to figure out how to transform your passions into something meaningful that will be a pleasure for you, a benefit to others, and an impressive part on your college application.

Let Him Have It Essays

Let Him Have It Essays Let Him Have It Essay Let Him Have It Essay In the film version of the case of Craig and Bently-Let Him Have it the director has chosen to be bias and uses it in different ways. Bias is when you only have a one sided view of something. The film can show that the director is biased. The things that show this are that you get much more background information on Derek Bently and his family. Immediately this favours Derek Bently as the audience watching feel closer and more informer on his background, so therefore they know more about him and want him to win this case. The director has chosen go give information and situations of Dereks epilepsy. The first scene of the film is of the blitz in the war and Derek under the rouble. This is what the doctors thought caused the epilepsy. The director also chooses to show Derek in a situation where he starts to have an epileptic fit, once his parents have decided to let him go out on his own. Both these ideas that the director has selected can make the audience feel pity for Derek seeing as in the film the doctors say that because of his condition he is believed to have the mind of an 11-year-old. On the other hand Christopher Craig has not been focussed on as much as Bentley. The only background information given about Craig is that he is a bad influence and can be a gangster, as he has grown up with an older brother. The director chooses to show the audience the scene where Craigs brother Neven is arrested. This can show that Craigs family is not very loving and can be rather rough. These background facts are of a negative nature. Other than Craigs brother, we do not get any other information about his family. Derek Bentleys family; Iris, hi smother and his father, play a very big role in the whole story, and the audience is shown that Derek has a warm and loving home life and is given the care he needs with his condition. The audience can see that before Derek Bently came into contact with Christopher Craig he was a pleasant boy. He was influenced and could have maybe felt pressured to act gangster like around him, so he went ahead with the scam of the butchers warehouse. This however all goes wrong and a police officer is accidentally murdered! One scene that shows bias in the film is the trial scene. This showed bias as throughout the scene it seemed as though Derek Bentley was receiving an unfair trial. The director used many things to show bias towards Bentley in this scene he uses language, music, colour, camera shots and the setting and scenery. These collectively show a very one-sided view of the murder and the trial. In the trial scene Medek uses characterisation to show bias. Chris Craig is presented to be a very sarcastic, guilty boy. He is made out to be the villain. When he was given his sentence after being given his sentence there is a shot of him smiling. This showed Craig as not even caring that he has been proven guilty for murder. Also he is sarcastic when the judge asked if he took his guns to school, Craig replied Well not all at the same time. This shows a lack of respect for he judge and Craig is again perceived as the villain. However Bentley is shown to be very nervous and scared about what could happen. We are told that Bentley is illiterate and not very intelligent this also made the audience sympathise as it was why he was acting in the way he was. He didnt seem to know what to do or say, his head was mostly down and gave very short quick answers to the prosecutor. Another character was the judge he portrayed bias, as he seemed to already know who was guilty before even sentenc ing. When making a closing statement he emphasised the fact the Bentley had a knuckle-duster he said it was a, horrible weapon. This shows bias as the judge is supposed to be an impartial person who looks fairly at the evidence and is not supposed to sway the jury in any way. This gives the impression that Bentley was not given a fair trial. In the trial scene a combination of many things that encourage bias. The first of these is music. Music is only used for a few seconds; this is while Bentley is being taken down to his cell. This was very solemn music played by violins that make you feel very sorry for Bentley. Also colour is used to great effect. For example Bentley is wearing a pale blue suit whereas most other people are wearing dark suits. This shows Bentley to look very innocent also because it would seem that he does not know what to wear in this sort of situation as it is all new to him. Whereas Craig seems very comfortable and confident as if he knows exactly what is going to happen, as if it were routine for him. Also camera shots are used effectively. One effective use of the camera was when you could see the courtroom from Bentleys eyes. When he looked at the jury he moved on quickly however when he saw at his family he moved across slowly as he was looking for help and support. Also it shows that Bentley has a loving family, and on the other hand Craig has no family present that we can see. The only actually family we are introduced to in the film is his older brother who was arrested and taken to prison. This would make you think that if Bentley had such a caring family why would he want to help to kill someone. Also the camera shot of Bentley eventually gets closer and closer to him. Here you can see that he is trembling and is incredibly upset, this would make people very sympathetic. Craig was only shown to being sarcastic and rude. This has shown that Peter Medek was very successful at achieving sympathy from the audience for Derek Bentley and his family through bias. The overall dramatic impact of the directors effects is likely to make viewers believe that Bentley was given an unfair trial and was innocent. As well as this they are likely to believe that Craig was a very manipulative person who persuaded Bentley to go with him. Also Craig was shown to be an arrogant person who cares only about himself.

Sociology Research methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Sociology Research methods - Essay Example According to Article 26 of the ICCPR, all persons are entitled to equal protection under the law with regards to rights in general, whether or not they are set out in the Covenant on the grounds described in that provision†. A workplace consisting of more than at least 3000 employees provide a wider spectrum of people for survey and research. The technological developments during the past decade in information technology, innovative software applications, inventions in computer hardware and advanced networking technology gave rise to the growth of BPO, software companies and investments and trading in international level necessitated movement of talents from place to place, and in this backdrop the current study has become important. The Research Questions The survey is designed to collect data from the participants for a study with reference to the following pertinent research questions in relation to the research. Whether the cultural interaction in the confluence of various ethnic groups in a country could be construed as strength instead of weakness by the society? Can unity in diversity be achieved? Hypothesis The analysis of the survey results would be useful in evaluating the hypothesis or the problems involved in the integration or racial issues in the society and the key hypothesis is: When the world is moving toward liberalization, and the countries pursue a policy of globalization, rich and diversified cultural background of the country would lead to economic growth and peaceful co-existence on account of international implications in the growing fields of telecommunications, social networks, internet and media due to its hold on international communities. Sampling Identification of target population and sampling frame needs to be done carefully. Simple random sampling method is proposed to be employed with probability sampling scheme to ensure that every group in the population has been covered, as it would be appropriate and representative of the population. The scope and organization of Survey Saris & Gallhofer (2007, p.4) state â€Å"Survey research is often used for descriptive research. †¦ studies can also be done to determine the reasons †¦ such research is called explanatory research†. The important aspects involved in the process of research include sample size, source of data, experience and communication skills of the data collector depend on the type of research. The active support of the management of the organization where the survey is planned to be conducted and hence preliminary discussions and continuous interaction throughout the survey process with them is essential. Inadequacies in resources and facilities would affect the quality of research and vitiate the results. For the survey under consideration, the important variable is ‘discrimination’ on account of racism. Vogt (2005, p. 377) states that a variable is â€Å"loosely, anything studied by a researcher†. Ther e are other independent variables or factors such as age, gender, income level and country of origin which are relevant for the study and properly considered. These variable factors could be broadly categorized under Cultural differences, perceived competition, loss of national identity, threat to traditional values and its impact on younger generations caused may be due to unknown fear for lending

Do we have a moral obligation to vote Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Do we have a moral obligation to vote - Essay Example Based on the idea of individual morality, an act can be defined as rational if its expected costs do not exceed its expected benefits as defined by the individual making the decision. The expected costs of voting would include travel expenses as well as time spent researching the candidates and updating a voter’s registration card. It can be deduced then that the expected costs of voting are quite small. The outcome of having voted could result in the winning of either the candidate one has voted for or another candidate altogether. It is easy to decide not to vote as one single vote is almost irrelevant compared to millions of other votes; but if everyone adopted this viewpoint then no one would vote and we might end up living in a dictatorship form of government where the people have no say at all. So, it can be said that voting may cost an individual (even though the cost is rather miniscule) more then the expected benefit, as the individual can argue that their vote will n ever make a difference among all the other votes but the cost though small, is certain. This however, is from an individual’s perspective as opposed to looking at a group of people or the entire country. It may be theoretically irrational for an individual to waste time and money voting as the outcome of the election will not balance on their vote, but the individual votes of a group of people suddenly becomes rational as the cost remains small to each individual but the election outcome in the group’s favor will be beneficial. From a consequentiality’s perspective, the goal is to act in the most moral way to bring about positive consequences for a group as a whole. This clearly means that voting is certainly the moral thing to do for the majority and outweighs the minimal costs to individuals. Critically speaking however, it can also be said that moral responsibility is attached to individuals and their actions so seeking the best possible outcome should also

Functional Areas of Business Essay Example for Free

Functional Areas of Business Essay Functional Areas of Business In an organization, there are many functional areas of a business. These functional areas include management, law, human resource management, leadership, accounting, finance, economics, research and statistics, operations management, marketing, and strategic planning. A manager’s role is never the same in these functional areas. Within the paper, the writer will analyze the role of a manager with the functional areas of business. Management and Law Managers have to ensure the business success; this is how management comes into play. Management has to use his or her human capital effectively, and efficiently to accomplish daily task within an organization. Human capital is also the organizational most important resource because employees can make a business successful. Managers need to ensure that a job is design properly, and when setting goals for employees are they reachable. Rewards are another part of how managers can get employees to complete his or her job in an efficient manner. In order for a business to function in today’s society, a manager has to ensure that the business is in compliance with the state, and federal laws. If a business operates in an international market, then the business also has international laws and regulations to follow. According to University of Phoenix MBA Overview Module (2014), â€Å"business law also helps managers safeguard the firm’s intellectual property and resolve situations when they arise† (para, Law). Human Resource Management and Leadership Human resource management in numerous organizations is the foundation of that business. One such role is ensuring that the right candidate acquires the job. Managers also use this to develop employee’s skills by training him or her properly, and ensure that employees wages are correct. Managers also evaluate employees on his or her performance, and give disciplinary actions to correct the situation. Within this functional area, a manager also offers the employee benefits that the business has to offer (University of Phoenix MBA Overview Module, 2014). Not everyone can pose leadership qualities; however leadership qualities can be trained. In this functional area, a manager may inspire, and motivate his or her employees; this helps employees achieve the company’s goals. Not all leaders are managers; however, leaders can assist managers with handling conflict, and power struggles with the company when they occur (University of Phoenix MBA Overview Module, 2014). Accounting and Finance One may believe that accounting and finance are the same; there are differences between the two. According to the online dictionary (2014), accounting is â€Å"the theory and system of setting up, maintaining, and auditing the books of a firm† (Accounting). Accounting has two parts, financial accounting, and managerial accounting. Managerial accounting involves managers viewing income statements and balance sheets. The information from the accounting and finance statement assists managers with making a sound decision on behalf of the company. These decisions may include how the company will spend for the future, if the company can afford to employ new employee, and how to budget for upcoming ventures (University of Phoenix MBA Overview Module, 2014). One of the most essential parts of an organization is the constant acquisition of fixed earnings. In order for any business to grow and thrive, it is necessary that the business acquire assets. Managers within the company will have different choices on how to make these decisions. When dealing with a company’s international market and finance a manager also influences new ventures that the company may be taking (University of Phoenix MBA Overview Module, 2014). Economics, Research and Statistics Economics is the study of production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services within countries and individual firms† (University of Phoenix MBA Overview Module, 2014). Mangers use economics to increase the company’s profit and to understand the market conditions; these conditions include recession, and depression. Managers use this information to determine what factors need to be viewed and understand before entering into a new market especially the international market. The research portion is information is collected from a person, and statistics is use to understand that data. Managers use this information to gain insight to the business. A manager can understand the consumption of a product, how often it is consume, and the usage time frame associated with the products. All the above information assists managers with knowing when to continue using these products, and when to modify productivity in the future (University of Phoenix MBA Overview Module, 2014). Operations Management and Marketing Operations management ties into research and statistics. Operations management is how managers use the information they have received and interpret the data to determine the products that consumers use most, the seasons in which these products have the highest sale. As previously stated, this information helps managers determine when to produce the product, or if the product should be pulled off the market (University of Phoenix MBA Overview Module, 2014). According to the business dictionary (2014) marketing is, â€Å" the management process through which goods and services move concept to the consumer† (Marketing). Marketing uses different strategies that offer consumer products. One method of finding out what the consumer desire is the â€Å"push versus pull† promotional strategy (Eveleth, D. M. , Liesz, T. J. , 2011). Managers identify what products the consumers need and want, and try to create a decent image and campaign to launch that brand to the public. Strategic Planning Strategic planning involves creating and implementing creative ideas that will apply to the company’s goal. Strategic planning is the last step that draws all the functional areas of business together. According to University of Phoenix MBA Overview Module (2014), â€Å"managers use strategic planning and implementation to bring all aspects of the firm together† (para, Strategic Planning). These include economics, marketing, and finance to guarantee the business success. Conclusion In an organization, there are many functional areas of a business. These functional areas include management, law, human resource management, leadership, accounting, finance, economics, research and statistics, operations management, marketing, and strategic planning. A manager’s role is never the same in these functional areas. Within this paper, the writer has analyzed the role of a manager with the functional areas of business.